"We had this forehead-smacking realization that poverty has all of these expensive con-
sequences in health care. We'd pay to amputate a diabetic's foot, but not for a warm pair of winter boots."

Ross Owen, an official with a Minneapolis program that tries to better manage health care for the poor.

Hand-Out To Accompany Henry Gurr’s 10 am Talk At: South Atlantic Coast Section American Association of Physics Teachers Spring 2015 Meeting Program. Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA March 10-11, 2015.

By Henry Gurr HenryG@USCA.edu . www.usca.edu/math/~mathdept/hsg/

Talk Title & Description:

Human Mental & Perceptual Processes Are Seen To Fit, Princeton Physicist J J Hopfield’s Mathematical Model of the Mammalian Brain. Illustrated Will Be 1) Famous Insight Mental Arrivals In the History of Physics. And 2) The Scientific Discovery “Structure” Formulation of Thomas Kuhn’s In Book => “Structure Of Scientific Revolutions”. Talk will feature audience feedback.

As has been discussed in my previous SACS-AAPT Talks: Mental Activity such as Flash of Insight, as well as Perception, & and Memory, are observed to have a distinct patterning of occurrence: In other words, Mental Processes in an individual’s brain are observed to follows rules, as we should well expect for a physical system. Why such observed rules occur is best understood through study of J J Hopfield’s Mathematical Model of the Mammalian Brain.

Adding to my own above mentioned conclusions, evidence in support of these rules (& their practical impact) in scientific discovery, is propounded by Thomas Kuhn, in his book “Structure Of Scientific Revolutions”: Kuhn agrees with Gestalt Psychologist’s own rules, concerning, Perception, Discovery, and Perceptual Blindness resolved by Insight: Kuhn says that when scientist argue “which of two actual theories fits the facts better. ....” The proponents of competing paradigms are always ... at cross-purposes. “Neither side will grant all the non-empirical assumptions that other needs to make its case.[Because the other side is un-perceivable!!] ... “Use words differently!!” .... “They are bound to partly talk through each other. ... “The competition between paradigms is not the sort of battle that can be resolved by proofs.” ... Dr Kuhn concludes: The Old Paradigm, is “incommensurate” with the New. Meaning scientist who believe & argue from one paradigm, are perceptually blind-to the other, and what is needed is Eureka, Flash of Insight, ***AHA***, Light-Bulb, Epiphany, before the non-believing side will (as in religion) “convert”.

My Talk, Video Recorded And Shown As a You Tube, Is Here.

More Information Can Be Found At The Following Links :

A) READ THIS 1ST => AHA ! Memory, Perception,& Problem Solving -- AHA!!! –

Scientists often make great discoveries or solve problems with an instantaneous flash of insight, called "AHA"!! This process will be shown to be very general and have properties in common with memory & perception.

B) READ THIS 2ND => Flash of Insight (AHA) In Teaching & Tutoring,

C) READ THIS 3RD => “Thomas Kuhn: the man who changed the way the world looked at science.”
Fifty years ago, a book by Thomas Kuhn altered the way we look at the philosophy behind science,
as well as introducing the much abused phrase 'paradigm shift'
http://www.theguardian.com/science/2012/aug/19/thomas-kuhn-structure-scientific-revolutions

D) READ THESE 4TH => “My Philosophy Of Mind Book Writing Project. Hopfield’s Model is a new basis for nearly completely explaining a wide panorama of human mental phenomena and human abilities arising from their Central Nervous System activity”
By Henry Gurr, ZMMQ Site Master.
It is hoped that this book will clearly explain how Hopfield’s Model is a new basis for nearly completely explaining a wide panorama of human mental phenomena and human abilities arising from their Central Nervous System activity. I will include the observations and conclusions of noteworthy researchers & my own. http://venturearete.org/ResearchProjects/ProfessorGurr/Documents/JJHopfieldModelHumanBrainAsGenProbSolver

Please continue reading at ALL links next below.
2) Henry Gurr’s Brain Owner’s Users Manual: A Hints & Helps Guide For Increasing Human Day-By-Day Effectiveness!!!
http://venturearete.org/ResearchProjects/ProfessorGurr/Documents/BrainOwnerUserManual1

3) More Items: For Henry Gurr’s: “Brain Owner’s Users Manual”.
http://venturearete.org/ResearchProjects/ProfessorGurr/Documents/BrainOwnerUserManual2

I hope you can now see that memory, perception, and the AHA insight problem solving are all one and the same, and begin to see how these properties might be the consequence of a neuron network which finds "solutions" that best match the input.

These networks are memories which can "solve problems". As discussed in the appendix, such solutions produce memory associations and explain much of our response to poetry, analogy, and allegory. Often several different solutions will fit the same data, in which case we will "see" a result that depends on our prior exposure. In selecting one "view", our brain often blocks out or excludes other "views". However, if there is a disturbance, or new input, often the system will switch. AHA, insight, a new view! Humor plays on this system and so illustrates its functioning. Humor is puzzle solving in which you must discover the multiple meanings of conflicting data and when the solution arrives .... AHA! Pleasure! Success! Laughter! Fun! This also is true of other forms of problem solving, such as Discovery, Invention, and Learning A New Idea. They Are All Flashes of Insight.

SLOWED DOWN PERCEPTION => AN EXAMPLE OF LEARNING A HARD. CONFUSING TASK. THIS WILL ILLUSTRATE, IN YOUR OWN SELF, MANY MENTAL PROCESSES, DISCUSSED ABOVE.

This task, using the pictures (link below), will show you some very important features of your own Problem Solving Brain. You will see, the long duration of frustrating failure, the huge effort needed to keep trying, and then .... The Sudden Ballooning Rush & Relief Of Success!! You will experience all these AHA Type of Patterns (Structure), as your perception system, finally “Arrives”, at a successful “Solution”, and 3-D Expands into full depth!! (This “Rush”, is what Thomas Kuhn Is Pointing At in his book => “Structure of Scientific Revolutions.”)

This task (exercise), will show you your perception system in slow motion. It illustrates what it is like to learn a difficult, confusing topic. These pictures are called stereograms. How many of you have looked through a viewmaster? You look through the viewmaster like a pair of binoculars and use both eyes. Now, to see things in 3-dimension each eye must have two somewhat different and the viewmaster in instrument helps you to "fuse these two pictures so you can easilly see the itwo pictures as one 3-dimension. pictures. However, it is not necessary to have the viewmaster. You can learn to do with it as follows.

The chemists these days are very, very proud of their ability to use computers to figure out the shape of 3-dimensional molecules. They are constantly publishing articles in magazines like this, where they must use flat paper to show you their 3-D results. Your hand-out shows one of these stereograms copied from a magazine like the one I will pass around. You will notice that both pictures are almost identical. Now I want to show you how to look at a stereogram without using a viewmaster. As you look at your stereogram, please take note of your vision system as it goes about putting together a new view. Your perception system is slowed down, so you can see the steps of learning a "confusing topic". Now how do you do it? Hold (Figure 15) at arm's length, like that and look over it at something far away. Then look slowly down at the picture (Fig 15a) without changing focus. What you should see instead of two pictures, is more or less, three pictures. Now if you work on the scrambled "double pictures" in the center they will "come together".
Click here to go to Fig 15a.

Let's start again. Look out at the hallway over the top of Figure 15a. Relax your eyes, then ease down at the paper. Then you are going to see three pictures. As you look at the scrambled double picture in the center, shift your attention on the hexagon at the top left. You are going to see, if you are doing anything right, two hexagons close to each other and otherwise a kind of scramble. Now keep your attention on those two hexagons. Just watch them and then just relax. Finally, your perception will get those two hexagons on top of each other and when you've got there, you will suddenly see the whole picture in 3-dimension.

One person in audience says, "Ohhhhhhh...." and starts laughing. There you go!. It's great 3-D!!. You try and try and then suddenly the 3-D view jumps out at you. Are you getting there? You are going to have to take this home and practice. You will have a funny feeling the first time you get it to work because you really are accomplishing a lot of internal adjustments. Once you see it a couple of times on one day, put it away and rest so you don't get tired. Come back and do it a couple of days later. You will gradually get better and better, and it will be more and more fun. You will see yourself almost get it, and then it will drift away, then it will come back. Meantime, you will have these scrambled feelings, until suddenly lock-on and great view and relief but also residual tension. Don't do this too much at first. You can get tears in your eyes and headaches.
Click here to go to Fig 15a.

SUPPLEMENTARY READING => Some Very Interesting Statements Re Process Philosophy, That To My Mind, Well Support the Above. ((The bolding of portions and addition of comments [in brackets], are performed for emphasis by HSG <= Me.))

Process philosophy is a longstanding philosophical tradition that emphasizes becoming and changing over static being. [Agrees with [ZMM ] Though present in many historical and cultural periods, the term “process philosophy” is primarily associated with the work of the philosophers Alfred North Whitehead (1861-1947) and Charles Hartshorne (1897-2000).

[This paragraph is especially important, and warrants a re-reading to make sure you understand it]
Process philosophy is characterized by an attempt to reconcile the diverse intuitions found in human experience (such as religious, scientific, and aesthetic) into a coherent holistic scheme. Process philosophy seeks a return to a neo-classical realism that avoids subjectivism. This reconciliation of the intuitions of objectivity and subjectivity, with a concern for scientific findings, produces the explicitly metaphysical speculation that the world, at its most fundamental level, is made up of momentary events of experience rather than enduring material substances. Process philosophy speculates that these momentary events, called “actual occasions” or “actual entities,” are essentially self-determining, experiential, and internally related to each other.

Actual occasions correspond to electrons and sub-atomic particles, but also to human persons. The human person is a society of billions of these occasions (that is, the body), which is organized and coordinated by a single dominant occasion (that is, the mind). Thus, process philosophy avoids a strict mind-body dualism. [Agrees with ZMM, on integration of matter and person (~holism), avoid dualism – mind-body especially, focus on now, and what happening and try to deeply understand.]

Process philosophy is based on the premise that being is dynamic and that the dynamic nature of being should be the primary focus of any comprehensive philosophical account of reality and our place within it. Even though we experience our world and ourselves as continuously changing, Western Metaphysics has long been obsessedwith describing reality as an assembly of static individuals whose dynamic features are either taken to be mere appearances or ontologically secondary and derivative.
[Excellent at my underlines, wherein I agree that traditional Western Metaphysics is => BAD BAD!! ]

For process philosophers the adventure of philosophy begins with a set of problems that traditional metaphysics marginalizes or even sidesteps altogether: what is the role of [the] mind in our experience of reality as becoming? Are there several varieties of becoming — for instance, the uniform going on of activities versus the coming about of developments? Do all developments have the same way of occurring quite independently of what is coming about? How can we best classify into different kinds of occurrences what is going on and coming about? How can we understand the emergence of apparently novel conditions?

While process philosophers insist that all within and about reality is continuously going on and coming about, they do not deny that there are temporally stable and reliably recurrent aspects of reality. But they take such aspects of persistence to be the regular behavior of dynamic organizations that arise due to the continuously ongoing interaction of processes.

((Above are excerpts that catch my attention: The entire document is here =>
http://www.iep.utm.edu/processp/ ))

Composed by Henry Gurr 9 April 2015, with Rev10 16 April 2015.

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